Existence and uniqueness of global weak solutions to a Cahn-Hilliard-Stokes-Darcy system for two phase incompressible flows in karstic geometry

We study the well-posedness of a coupled Cahn-Hilliard-Stokes-Darcy system which is a diffuse-interface model for essentially immiscible two phase incompressible flows with matched density in a karstic geometry. Existence of finite energy weak solution that is global in time is established in both 2D and 3D. Weak-strong uniqueness property of the weak solutions is provided as well

Study on Fund Raising Means for China's Railways

The existing financing resources of construction fund for China s railways are presented in the first section of this paper. In the next section, The impacts and restrictions of the funding raising means were analyzed and a proposal of reforming the existing financing means was raised on the base of these analyses. The proposal included the following contents: construction funds for the railroads with different functions should be raised by using different financing means. The paper focused on means of fund raising for regional railway construction projects. It stated in detail how this kind of projects would attract social capital by relying on government supporting policies through the reform of the railway system. For instance, what kinds of projects are possible to attract direct international investments; what kind of projects can use BOT method and how to introduce it; what countermeasures should be taken for the deficit breach lines, etc.Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business. The University of Sydne

Study on Fund Raising Means for China's Railways

The existing financing resources of construction fund for China s railways are presented in the first section of this paper. In the next section, The impacts and restrictions of the funding raising means were analyzed and a proposal of reforming the existing financing means was raised on the base of these analyses. The proposal included the following contents: construction funds for the railroads with different functions should be raised by using different financing means. The paper focused on means of fund raising for regional railway construction projects. It stated in detail how this kind of projects would attract social capital by relying on government supporting policies through the reform of the railway system. For instance, what kinds of projects are possible to attract direct international investments; what kind of projects can use BOT method and how to introduce it; what countermeasures should be taken for the deficit breach lines, etc.Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business. The University of Sydne

Image enhancement using fuzzy intensity measure and adaptive clipping histogram equalization

Image enhancement aims at processing an input image so that the visual content of the output image is more pleasing or more useful for certain applications. Although histogram equalization is widely used in image enhancement due to its simplicity and effectiveness, it changes the mean brightness of the enhanced image and introduces a high level of noise and distortion. To address these problems, this paper proposes image enhancement using fuzzy intensity measure and adaptive clipping histogram equalization (FIMHE). FIMHE uses fuzzy intensity measure to first segment the histogram of the original image, and then clip the histogram adaptively in order to prevent excessive image enhancement. Experiments on the Berkeley database and CVF-UGR-Image database show that FIMHE outperforms state-of-the-art histogram equalization based methods

Spatial Influence of Geographical Factors on Soil Erosion in Fuyang County, China

AbstractThe effect of geographical factors on soil erosion is an important aspect of the monitoring environment changes. The spatial relationship between soil erosion and its geographical factors was carried out. The results showed that soil erosion exhibited high selectivity of geographical factors. 94.5% of soil erosion occurred in areas less than 500 m, 85.3% presented on the areas between 15°- 35°, 57.2% distributed on southern slope, and 76.8% of strong erosion were found in garden land. It provided a basis for governing soil erosion, which was an important significance to local economic development

USING THE AUTOMATED RANDOM FOREST APPROACH FOR OBTAINING THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH PREDICTION OF RCA

The intricate relationships and cohesiveness among numerous components make the task of designing mixture proportions for high-performance concrete (HPC) a challenging endeavour. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are indeed efficacious in mitigating this predicament. However, their lack of an explicit correlation between mixture proportions and compressive strength renders them opaque black box models. To surpass this constraint, the present research puts forward a semi-empirical methodology that involves the utilization of tactics such as non-dimensionalization and optimization. The methodology proposed exhibits a remarkable level of accuracy in predicting compressive strength across various datasets, exemplifying its all-encompassing applicability to diverse datasets.Furthermore, the exact association furnished by semi-empirical equations is a valuable asset for engineers and researchers operating in this domain, especially concerning their prognostic capabilities. The compressive strength of concrete holds significant importance in designing high-performance concrete, and achieving an optimal mixture proportion necessitates a comprehensive comprehension of the complex interplay among diverse factors, including the type and proportion of cement, water-cement ratio, size and type of aggregate, curing conditions, and admixtures. The semi-empirical approach put forth in this study presents a potential remedy to the intricate undertaking by establishing a more unequivocal correlation between mixture ratios and compressive strength

DNA polymerase β is able to repair breaks in switch regions and plays an inhibitory role during immunoglobulin class switch recombination

Immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) is initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), which converts cytosines to uracils in switch (S) regions. Subsequent excision of dU by uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG) of the base excision repair (BER) pathway is required to obtain double-strand break (DSB) intermediates for CSR. Since UNG normally initiates faithful repair, it is unclear how the AID-instigated S region lesions are converted into DSBs rather than correctly repaired by BER. Normally, DNA polymerase β (Polβ) would replace the dC deaminated by AID, leading to correct repair of the single-strand break, thereby preventing CSR. We address the question of whether Polβ might be specifically down-regulated during CSR or inhibited from accessing the AID-instigated lesions, or whether the numerous AID-initiated S region lesions might simply overwhelm the BER capacity. We find that nuclear Polβ levels are induced upon activation of splenic B cells to undergo CSR. When Polβ−/− B cells are activated to switch in culture, they switch slightly better to IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 and have more S region DSBs and mutations than wild-type controls. We conclude that Polβ attempts to faithfully repair S region lesions but fails to repair them all